The National Green Tribunal has barred construction activities along the Gomti River, citing violations of environmental regulations and issuing a notice to the Lucknow Development Authority.
Shillong, India Jul 14, 2026 ALN: The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has taken a significant step in environmental protection by prohibiting any construction activities that violate the River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management) Authorities Order, 2016, along the Gomti River. This decision comes in response to a plea alleging illegal construction activities on the riverbank, riverbed, and floodplain, and has resulted in a notice being issued to the Lucknow Development Authority (LDA) as well as other involved parties.
The NGT’s ruling was delivered by a Bench consisting of Chairperson Justice Prakash Shrivastava and Expert Member Afroz Ahmad. During the proceedings, the Tribunal considered serious allegations regarding the construction of embankments, a four-lane road, and multiple high-rise buildings by the LDA adjacent to the Gomti River, which includes encroachments within the riverbed and floodplain. The applicant argued that since the Gomti is a tributary of the Ganga, it falls under the jurisdiction of the 2016 Ganga protection framework, which necessitates prior approval from the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) for any such construction activities.
The 2016 Ganga protection framework was established to ensure the rejuvenation and protection of the Ganga River and its tributaries. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining the ecological balance of these water bodies and prohibits any construction of permanent or temporary structures within the river, on its banks, or in the active floodplain, with very limited exceptions. The framework aims to prevent environmental degradation and protect the biodiversity that thrives in and around these water bodies.
In this case, the Tribunal specifically referenced the 2016 Order, which mandates that the banks and floodplains of the Ganga and its tributaries should remain free from construction activities. It further stipulates that any construction of bridges, associated roads, embankments, or other activities that could impact the river or its floodplain require the prior approval of the NMCG. This regulatory framework is crucial for ensuring that development does not come at the expense of environmental sustainability.
The applicant in this case supported their claims with photographic evidence, alleging that construction was actively taking place adjacent to the Gomti River in direct violation of the established provisions. Additionally, the applicant informed the Tribunal that a complaint had been lodged with the NMCG in January 2026, prompting the NMCG to communicate with various state authorities, including the District Magistrate, the Chairperson of the District Ganga Committee in Lucknow, and the Uttar Pradesh Chief Secretary, to seek necessary actions against the ongoing construction. Despite these communications, the construction work continued unabated, prompting the need for judicial intervention.
During the hearing, legal representatives for certain state authorities acknowledged the notice and conceded that any construction activities contrary to the 2016 Ganga protection framework should not be allowed. This acknowledgment highlights the growing recognition of the need for adherence to environmental regulations and the responsibility of state authorities to enforce them. In light of the circumstances presented, the Tribunal issued an interim directive stating that the respondent authorities must refrain from undertaking any construction activities that violate the River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management) Authorities Order, 2016.
This ruling by the NGT is significant, as it underscores the importance of protecting India's rivers, which are vital not only for ecological balance but also for the livelihoods of millions of people who depend on them. The Gomti River, in particular, holds cultural and historical significance, and its health is essential for the surrounding communities. Illegal constructions along riverbanks can lead to severe consequences, including increased flooding, loss of biodiversity, and degradation of water quality, which ultimately affects public health.
The Gomti River, flowing through the city of Lucknow, has been a crucial water source for the region, supporting agriculture, drinking water supply, and various economic activities. However, urbanization and rapid development have led to significant pressure on this vital resource. Encroachments, pollution, and construction activities have been major contributors to the degradation of the river's ecosystem. The NGT's ruling aims to address these challenges by enforcing strict adherence to environmental laws, thereby ensuring the river's health and sustainability.
The implications of this ruling extend beyond the immediate case at hand. It serves as a reminder to development authorities and private entities that environmental regulations must be strictly followed and that violations will not be tolerated. The NGT's proactive stance can potentially deter future illegal constructions along the Gomti River and other water bodies across India, fostering a culture of compliance with environmental laws.
Moreover, this case highlights the crucial role of public participation in environmental governance. The applicant's actions demonstrate how citizens can engage with legal frameworks to advocate for the protection of natural resources. Such involvement is essential in a democratic society, where the voices of the community can influence policy decisions and hold authorities accountable for their actions. Public interest litigations have historically played a pivotal role in environmental protection in India, showcasing the power of collective action in safeguarding natural resources.
As the case progresses, it will be important to monitor how the LDA and other authorities respond to the NGT's directives. The Tribunal's ruling may also lead to a broader examination of construction practices along rivers in India, prompting a reevaluation of existing projects that may not comply with environmental regulations. This could lead to increased scrutiny of development projects and a stronger emphasis on sustainable practices in urban planning.
In recent years, the Indian government has taken various steps to improve river management and protect water bodies. Initiatives such as the Namami Gange Programme aim to clean and rejuvenate the Ganga River and its tributaries, including the Gomti. However, the effectiveness of these initiatives heavily relies on strict enforcement of environmental laws and active participation from local communities. The NGT's ruling reinforces the need for collaboration between government bodies, civil society, and citizens to achieve sustainable development goals.
In conclusion, the NGT's order prohibiting illegal construction along the Gomti River is a critical step towards safeguarding the environment and ensuring that development does not come at the cost of ecological integrity. It reinforces the necessity for compliance with environmental laws and the importance of community engagement in the protection of natural resources. As this case unfolds, it will be a pivotal moment for environmental governance in India, potentially setting precedents for future cases involving river protection and sustainable development. The ongoing dialogue between development needs and environmental sustainability will be crucial in shaping the future of urban planning and resource management in the country.
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