Ancient Artifacts Unearthed in Karbi Anglong, Assam Reveal Rich Heritage

Shillong, India Jul 19, 2026 ALN: Recent excavations in the Karbi Anglong district of Assam have uncovered a remarkable collection of ancient stone sculptures and inscriptions, offering new insights into the state's rich archaeological heritage. This discovery is particularly significant as it showcases the historical importance of the region, which has often been overlooked in discussions about India's vast and diverse cultural history.

The diggers and excavators found these rare items at Sarthe Rongphar village, located in the Phuloni area of the central Assam district. The site is noteworthy not only for its archaeological findings but also for its geographical context, as it lies within a region known for its historical significance. The area is characterized by lush hills and valleys, which have been home to various communities and civilizations over the centuries.

Archaeologists and local villagers working around two centuries-old ponds have unearthed an array of artefacts, including intricately carved images of dancing figures, deities, Shiva lingams, temple fragments, and a striking depiction of Lord Ganesha etched onto a large rock. These findings are indicative of the artistic and religious practices that were prevalent in the region during ancient times.

"During a recent visit to Sarthe Rongphar village, I had the opportunity to witness a remarkable yet little-known chapter of Assam's archaeological heritage. Excavations around two ancient village ponds have unearthed an impressive collection of stone sculptures and inscriptions," said Aranyak Saikia, Karbi Anglong District Commissioner. His statement reflects the excitement and importance of these discoveries, which not only enrich the local cultural narrative but also contribute to the broader understanding of Assam's history.

The recently excavated ancient stone artifact from Karbi Anglong’s Rongphar village.

Experts believe that many of these artefacts date back to the 10th to 12th centuries, although local traditions link them to the era of the Mahabharata and the fabled Ashwamedha Yajna. This connection to the epic is significant, as it highlights the cultural narratives that have been passed down through generations, blending historical fact with mythological elements. However, Saikia noted that while local traditions are valuable, historically, it appears more likely that these artefacts were constructed during the Ahom period, a time known for its rich cultural and political history in Assam. Nevertheless, clear records to definitively pinpoint the timeline of these artefacts are still lacking.

What intrigued most was the villagers' observation that the water level of the pond remains constant, regardless of the season. This peculiar characteristic has led to various local legends and beliefs surrounding the ponds, further enriching the cultural tapestry of the area. Such natural phenomena often play a significant role in shaping the identity and traditions of local communities.

"Several of these priceless finds have been preserved at the Hojai Archaeological Museum and the district museum in Diphu," Saikia mentioned. These institutions serve as crucial repositories for the region's heritage, allowing for greater public access and education regarding the historical significance of these discoveries. However, he acknowledged that many of these relics have been in a dilapidated state due to neglect and a lack of resources for proper conservation. The administration has now taken necessary steps to preserve them, recognizing the urgency of protecting these cultural treasures for future generations.

"Several remnants are still scattered around the village. We have noticed that some items have even found their way into the everyday household use of the locals," Saikia said. This observation raises concerns about the potential loss of historical context and significance as these artefacts are repurposed or damaged in daily life. It underscores the need for increased awareness and education among local communities regarding the value of their heritage.

Heritage experts and locals alike are calling for greater documentation, conservation, and public awareness of these sites to ensure that this unique chapter of Assam's history is preserved for future generations. The collaboration between archaeologists, local communities, and government officials is essential in fostering a sense of ownership and pride in the region's heritage.

"These are the kinds of discoveries that make field visits so rewarding. Beneath its hills and villages lie stories, traditions, and remnants of a past that often receive little attention,” Saikia added, emphasizing the importance of continued archaeological exploration in the area. Such discoveries not only enhance our understanding of the past but also contribute to the cultural identity of present-day communities.

These discoveries are not isolated events, as the broader Phuloni-Dokmoka-Howraghat region is home to numerous similar archaeological sites, a testament to its historical significance during the rule of the Kachari and Dabok dynasties. The Kachari dynasty, in particular, played a pivotal role in shaping the cultural landscape of Assam, and their influence is still felt in the region today.

Among the most notable landmarks is the Mahamaya Hill in Dokmoka, where the remnants of an 11th-12th century stone temple still stand, despite suffering damage during the devastating earthquakes of 1897 and 1950. This temple is a vital link to the region's past, showcasing the architectural styles and religious practices of the time. Saikia further noted that other significant sites include Buragohain Than, which has yielded ancient idols of Shiva and Parvati, and Bargonga, where rare Gupta-era Shiva sculptures and rock inscriptions have been discovered. Each of these sites adds to the narrative of a flourishing religious and artistic tradition that once shaped the cultural landscape of Karbi Anglong.

Last month, the Karbi Anglong district administration announced that it was considering contacting experts from the Institute of Tai Studies and Research (ITSAR) to decode two rare Tai manuscripts. These manuscripts, believed to hold unknown secrets from the medieval period, are likely to provide an understanding of the region's history, culture, and indigenous knowledge once the scripts are decoded. This initiative reflects a growing recognition of the importance of preserving and studying local heritage, not only for historical purposes but also for cultural revitalization and community pride.

In conclusion, the recent archaeological discoveries in Karbi Anglong serve as a reminder of the rich and diverse heritage that exists within Assam and the need for ongoing efforts to document, preserve, and celebrate this history. As more artefacts are uncovered and studied, they will undoubtedly continue to contribute to our understanding of the region's past and its significance within the broader tapestry of Indian history.